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Objective@#To analyze the spatial temporal distribution characteristics of tuberculosis among high school students at county levels in Gansu Province from 2018 to 2022,so as to provide a scientific basis for tuberculosis prevention and control in schools.@*Methods@#Tuberculosis data from high school students in counties (districts) reported in Gansu Province from 2018 to 2022 was collected from the Tuberculosis Information Management System and Infectious Disease Information Reporting System of the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information Management System. Demographic data of high school students in counties (districts) came from the General Management System of the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information Management System, and the spatial clustering of the reported incidence rate of pulmonary tuberculosis among high school students in Gansu Province in the past five years was analyzed using the methods of global spatial autocorrelation (Moran s I) and local indicators of spatial audocorrelation(LISA).@*Results@#A total of 41 885 pulmonary tuberculosis cases were reported in various counties of Gansu Province From 2018 to 2022, with an average reported incidence rate of 32.81/100 000. During the same period, 1 170 high school students cases were reported, with an average reported incidence rate of 13.72/100 000. With the exception of 2020, the reported incidence rate of pulmonary tuberculosis among high school students was non random distribution in other 4 years, showed a moderate intensity of spatial clustering. From 2018 to 2022, most counties in Gansu Province reported that the incidence rate of pulmonary tuberculosis among high school students was 10.00/100 000 or below, the counties with reported incidence rate >40.00/100 000 were mainly distributed in Luqu County, Maqu County, Diebu County, Hezuo City, Xiahe County of Gannan Prefecture, Gangu County and Wushan County of Tianshui Prefecture, Wenxian County and Kangxian County of Longnan Prefecture, Huachi County of Pingliang Prefecture, Huanxian County of Qingyang Prefecture. The number of counties where the reported incidence rate of tuberculosis among high school students more than 30.00/100 000 gradually decreased from 2018 to 2022. In the past five years, the reported incidence rate of tuberculosis among high school students in all counties of Gannan Prefecture remained above 40.00/ 100 000 . The LISA analysis results showed that the high incidence areas were mainly concentrated in Gannan Prefecture.@*Conclusions@#The epidemic situation of pulmonary tuberculosis among high school students in Gansu province from 2018 to 2022 is still a serious condition, showing the characteristics of unbalanced regional distribution. The reported incidence rate shows a strong spatial clustering, and the hot spots are concentrated in the counties (districts) of Gannan prefecture in Gansu Province.
ABSTRACT
Objective To analyze the metabolic profile in serum between normal and orthotopic xenograft nude mice burdened with three human pancreatic cancer cell lines,which were differentiated differently.Methods Human pancreatic cancer lines SW1990,BxPC-3 and Panc-1 were subcutaneously injected into the nude mice,respectively.When the tumor volume reached 1.0 cm3,the nude mice were euthanized and the tumor tissues were removed and implanted to the pancreas to establish the orthotopic xenograft mice model.The serum from three orthotopic xenograft tumor nude mice and the normal controls were collected and then analyzed by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.Results The three orthotopic xenograft nude mice models were successfully established.In SW1990,BxPC-3 and Panc-1 group,the orthotopic xenograft tumor formation rate was 79％ (11/14),93％ (13/14) and 86％ (12/14),while the mortality was 7％ (1/14),0 and 7％ (1/14),respectively.Compared with control group,the content of metabolites in the serum of orthotopic xenograft tumor nude mice was increased including creatine,alanine,glutamine,1-methylhistidine,isoleucine,lactate,phenylalanine,tryptophan and valine,but the glycerolphosphocholine (GPC) and glucose levels were reduced.As the tumors progressed to be more malignant,the content of valine and isoleucine tended to increase.Conclusions The establishment of the orthotopic implantation tumor nude mice model was stable and reliable with high tumor formation rate.Obvious metabolic differences of glucose,lipid and amino acids were observed between normal and human pancreatic cancer tumor burdening nude mice models.The common metabolic features identified in all three nude mice models burdened with human pancreatic cancer could be used as the potential markers for diagnosing human pancreatic cancer.